Compiled from the following sources:
Special biographic research
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2002-2006
Who's Who, Current Chinese Leaders
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2003-2005
Revision History:
Biography Revised: 9/8/2006
Career Data Updated: 3/22/2007
1st Political Commissar of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Vice Chairman of NPC Committee for Internal and Judicial
Affairs