Compiled from the following sources:
Special biographic research
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2002-2006
Who's Who, Current Chinese Leaders
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2003-2005
XINHUA Online (China View)
Revision History:
Biography Revised: 4/23/2013
Career Data Updated: 4/23/2013
Alternate Member, 18th CPC, Central Committee; Vice-Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs