| 2009— | Director, State Administration of Foreign Exchange | |
| 2008— | Deputy Governor, People's Bank of China | |
| 2002—2008 | Secretary-General, People's Bank of China, Monetary Policy Department | |
| 1997—2002 | Deputy Secretary-General, People's Bank of China, Monetary Policy Department | |
| 1994—1997 | Professor, Beijing University Beijing Municipality | |
| 1992—1994 | Assistant Professor, Indiana University USA, Indiana, Indianapolis | |
| 1987—1992 | Assistant Professor, Indiana University USA, Indiana, Indianapolis | |
| 1986—1987 | Visiting Assistant Professor, Indiana University USA, Indiana, Indianapolis | |
| 1982—1986 | Student, University of Illinois, Economics Department USA, Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (Received Doctorate) | |
| 1980—1982 | Student, Hamline University USA, Minnesota, St. Paul | |
| 1978—1980 | Student, Beijing University, Political Economy Department Beijing Municipality |