Compiled from the following sources:
Special biographic research
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2002-2006
Who's Who, Current Chinese Leaders
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2003-2005
Zhongguo Gongchandang Lijie Zhongyang Weiyuan Dacidian, 1921-2003
Beijing: Zhonggong dangshi chubanshe 2004
People's Daily Online
China News
XINHUA Online (China View)
Government of the People's Republic of China
Revision History:
Biography Revised: 4/28/2017
Career Data Updated: 4/28/2017
Member, 18th CPC, Central Committee; Vice-Chairman, 12th Financial and Economic Affairs Committee of the NPC