| 1993— | Professor, Tsinghua University, Finance Department Beijing Municipality | |
| 1985—1986 | Visiting Scholar, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR | |
| 1982—1985 | Lecturer, Tsinghua University, Economics Institute Beijing Municipality | |
| 1980—1982 | Research Fellow, CPC, Municipal Committee, Party School Beijing Municipality | |
| 1968—1980 | Engineer, Beijing Municipality (Beijing Electronic Tube Plant) |