| 2005— | Vice-Chairman, China Banking Regulatory Commission | |
| 2001—2005 | President, Key State-Owned Financial Institutions, Supervisory Board | |
| 2000—2001 | President, People's Bank of China, Municipal Branch Shanghai Municipality | |
| 1998—2001 | Assistant Governor, People's Bank of China | |
| 1994—1994 | Director-General, People's Bank of China, Financial Administration Department | |
| 1994—1998 | Director-General, People's Bank of China, Banking Department | |
| 1982 | Graduate, Shanxi Institute of Finance and Economics |